Grinding pen-nibs.



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GRINDING PEN NIBS.

APPLIUATION FILED sB1 T 21, 1911.

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J. BISSELL.

GRINDING PEN NIBS.

APPLmATxoN FILED SEPT. 21, 1911.

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J. BISSELL.

GRINDING ?EN NIBS.

APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 21, 1911.

Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

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APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 21, 1911.

4 T E E H S S T E B H S 4 IW@ In' Y JOSEPH BISSELL, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

GRINDING PEN-nnss.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

Application filed September 21, 1911. Serial No. 650,507.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH BissELL, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in Handsworth, Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, in the Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful 1mprovements in the Grinding of Pen-Nibs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for grinding pen nibs which is intended more particularly for use with gold nibs which require to be ground on the end, on the two sides and on the under surface of the point. It will be understood, however, that the invention is applicable to nibs made of other material and in cases where other parts are to be ground.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine by means of which the operations can be performed automatically to the desired extent upon the desired portions of the nib without requiring to be continuously under hand control. By this means the operations of grinding can be performed much more quickly and more accurate and uniform results can be obtained at a consid erably less expense than. with the grinding devices at present in use in which the nib holder is held in the hand of the workman and has to be placed and held by him in position during the grinding operation.

A machine constructed in accordance with the present invention consists of a clamping device or chuck in which the nib is mounted, a sliding standard carrying this clamping device, and a number of grinding wheels which are mounted in b-earing members adapted to be adjusted accurately into a position relative to the nib carrier so that, when these adjustments have been made, it

yis simply necessary to place the nib in the clamp and to move the carrier along its slide so as to bring the nib into position in front of the wheels so that the grinding operations may be performed. In order that the nat-ure of the invention may be fully understood, the following description of a machine embodying the invention is given with reference to `the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the complete machine; Fig. 2, a plan view thereof; Fig. 3, a central vertical section of the standard carrying` `the clamping device or chuck which holds the nib; Fig. 4, a side elevation of the standard carrying one set `of the grinding wheels; Fig. 5, a corresponding view of another standard; Fig. G, an elevation of an alternative method of mounting one of the grinding wheels; Fig. 7, a plan view thereof; and Figs. 8-11 are diagrams showing the grinding operations. On the bed plate 1 of this machine are 'formed guides 2 each adapted to receive the .base of a standard which is adapted t0 be adjusted transversely of the bed plate on the guide. This adjustment may be effected by means of a screw-threaded shaft 3 extending from the front of the bed plate and engaging in a nut 4 carried by the base of the standard, a milled head 5 being provided on each shaft at the front of the bed plate. Along the front of the upper surface of the bed plate is formed a slideway 6 on which works the standard 7 carrying the holder for the nibs. This standard 7 is adapted to be moved along the slideway 6 by means of a lever such as 8, or by a rack and pinion, or equivalent device, so that it may be moved into position in front of the grinding wheels carried by the adjustable standards previously mentioned. The lever 8 is pivotally connected with the base 9 of the standard 7 and has as its fulcrum a pivotal post 10 in a perforation in which the tail of the lever slides.

The upper end of the standard 7 is bored Ito receive a t-ubular member 11 which is mounted so that it can turn in the standard but cannot move axially, being held in place by collars 12 and 13 (Fig. 3). At the rear of this tubular member 11 is provided a milled head 111 for adjusting it into different angular positions and on the upper end of the standard is mounted a spring catch 15 which is pivoted at 16 and acted upon by the spring 17 and is adapted to engage notches 18 formed in the collar 12 on the tubular member so as to temporarily lock it when adjusted. Inside the tubular mem ber is mounted a spindle 19 provided at one end with a pair of jaws 20 and 21 hinged together and having the general contour of a pen nib (see Fig. 2) so that when a nib is inserted in the jaws it projects a short distance in front and at each side so as to permit these parts to be ground while affording a firm support for the nib to hold it accurately in posit-ion against the grinding wheels. On the outside these jaws are formed with a tapering portion which fits in a corresponding part at the front end of the tubular member 11. The spindle 19 extends through this member and is adapted to receive at its rear end a nut or button 22. A spring 23 is mounted between this latter and a shoulder in the interior of the tubular member 11 so asto normally draw the tapering part of the jaws 2O and 21 into the end of the tubular member and hold the jaws closed. By pressing on the end of the button 22 on the spindle 19 the clamping pressure can be released and a nib inserted `in the jaws or removed therefrom. The spin- --dle is provided at its front end with a projection 24 which is adapted to engage in a recess in the front end of the tubular member so as to insure thatthe nib shall be ac-`n curately positioned relative to the tubular member and shall turn therewith.

The adjustable standard 25 (Figs. 17 2 and 4) carries three grinding wheels 267 27 and 28. The first of these wheels is adapted to grind the end of the nib point and the other two are adapted to operate upon the sides of the point. The two sets of wheels are both arranged in vertical planes so that it is necessary to turn the nib through a right angle between the two grinding operations. This is effected by lifting the spring catch 15 on the nib holder out of lits notch 18 and turning the tubular member 11 through a right angle and then allowing the catch to again come into engagement. Since the height of the nib clamping jaws 20 and 21 from the bed plate is fixed7 it is unnecessary to adjust vertically the wheel 26 which grinds the end of the point but it is desirable to provide for horizontal adjustment of this grinding wheel so as to permit of its being set in different positions to suit different sizes of nibs and it is desirable to make this adjustment independent of the transverse adjustment of the whole standard. Accordingly the shaft of the wheel 26 is carried in bearings 29 which are mounted on a member 30 which is adjustable on a transverse slide 31 attached to the standard 25. The adjustment is effected by a screw threaded shaft 32 provided at one end with a milled head 33. At the end adjacent the milled head the shaft is mounted in a bearing collar 34 carried by the member 30, being free to rotate in this collar but being held against axial movementv relative thereto. At the other end the shaft 32 engages in a nut attached to the slide 31.

The two grinding wheels 27 and 28 which operate upon the sides of the point of the nib are movable horizontally in view of the transverse adjustability of the standard 25. They are also made adjustable vertically by being mounted in bearings 35 and 36 respectively, carried by members 37 and 38, the former of which slides on the upper part of the standard 25 while the latter slides on the lower part. The adjustment 'duced by wear.

of these two members is preferably independent, each being controlled by a separate screw threaded shaft so that the distance apart of the wheels can be adjusted and also their height above the bed plate so that they can be accurately set to operate evenly upon the two sides of the nib and this adjustment can be made independent of differences in theisizes of the wheels which may be pro- The sliding member 37 has at nthe rear a projecting portion 39 which is formed to act as a nut. In this nut en? gages the lower end of the screw threaded shaft 40 which is mounted at its upper end in a bearing 41 attached to the standard 25, and is provided at this end with a milled head 42. The method of mounting the shaft 40 in the bearing 41 is such that the shaft is free to turn but cannot have axial movement relative to the bearing. On the other side of the standard is a similar arrangement for adjusting the lower sliding member 38. This arrangement comprises a shaft 43 engaging at its lower end in a nut 44 which is att-ached to the member 38 and engaging at its upper end in a bearing 45 and provided with a milled head 46 adjacent thereto. The second standard 47 'carries a grinding wheel 48 which is used for the purpose of rounding-off or beveling the edges on the tapering portion of the nib. In usingthis wheel when it is desired to produce a round edge the nib is rotated with the edge in Contact with the grinding wheel. For this purpose the spring catch 15 must be taken out of engagement with the nib holder so as to permit this to turn freely. llvhere it is desired to obtain beveled edges,

the holder may be fixed in position with the f i sloping edge of t-he nib inclinedto the surface of the wheel. This can be eected by turning the nib holder until the spring catch 15 drops into one of the notches shown at a short distance on each side of the notch in which the catch 15 is shown engaged in Fig. 1. The other of these notches is of course used for the other side of the nib. Instead of making this adjustment of the holder,v the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 may be employed. This permits of the grinding wheel 48 being adjusted so as to bring its surface into the correct angular relation to the edge of the nib. In this arrangement, the bearing 49 in which the shaft of the wheel48 is mounted is carried on a bracket 50 which is pivoted on a shaft 51 carried in a bearing 52 mounted at the side of the member 53 which is'adapted to be adjusted vertically on the standard 47. The bracket 50 is in the form of a sector having two notches either of which is adapted to be engaged by the spring catch 54. Then the catch'is in engagement with one of the notches the wheel is in position forV operating upon one edge of the nib. When this operation has been completed, the bracket is turned so that the catch 54 comes into engagement with the other notch when the grinding wheel is in position for operating upon the other edge of the nib. The

sliding member 53 is vertically adjustable' on the standard 47 by means of an arrangement similar to those described in connection with the sliding members 37 and 38.

The standard 47 is normally retained in a retracted ppsition by means of the spring 55 (see Fig. 5) which encircles the transverse shaft 3. IVhen it is desired to bring the grinding wheel 48 into operation, the head 5 on the front end of the shaft 3, is drawn forward, moving the standard toward the front of the machine until the stop nut 56 comes against the rear face of the bed plate. This arrangement provides that the nilo may be carried direct from the grinding wheels on the first standard to the grinding wheels on the third standard if desired.

The grinding wheel 57 carried by the third standard 58 is adapted to operate upon the under side of the nib point while the nib is held horizontally. The wheel will generally be of comparatively small diameter. This wheel is carried in a bearing 59 on a member 60 which is adjustable vertically on the standard 58. It is also adjustable horizontally in view of the capability of transverse movement of the standard. The vertical adjustment is performed by an arrangement similar to those used on the other standards.

All the shafts of the devices for adjusting the positions of the grinding wheels are preferably provided with threads of tine pitch so that very accurate adjustment may m be readily obtained.

The grinding wheels are rotated by any gearing which will permit of the adjustw ments above indicated. Belts working in grooved pulleys and driven from a shaft appear to be preferable. Devices for regulating the tension of these belts when adjustment of the driving wheels is effected may be provided. In the drawings grooved pulleys 61 are shown attached to each of the grinding wheel shafts.

' In Figs. 8-11. are indicated the operations performed by the machine above described, these operations being preferably performed in the sequence of these figures. As shown in Fig. 8, the end of the point of the nib is ground by the wheel 26, the nib being held in a horizontal position during this operation. The nib is then turned through aright angle to a vertical position and presented to the wheels 27 and 28 which operate upon it in the manner indicated in Fig. 9. After the completion of this operation the nib is again turned through a right angle and is carried past the standard 47 to be operated upon by the Wheel 57 which grinds the under surface of the points. After this operation the nib is then turned to the position shown in the two views of Fig. 11 (which are elevations on planes at right angles) and is then presented to the grinding wheel 48, the standard 47 being drawn forward for the purpose. After this wheel has operated upon one side of the point, the nib is turned so as to present the other side to the wheel.

The machine as above described is adapted to perform all the grinding operations which are ordinarily required in the manufacture of a gold pen nib. It will be obvious, however, that it is not essential that the machine should be adapted to perform all these operations. One or more of the grinding wheels can be if desired omitted and others performing other operations may, if required, be used instead of or in addition to the wheels shown and described. Other modiications may also be introduced; for instance other standards besides that carrying the wheel 48 can be mo-unted so as to be normally retracted by a spring and adapted to be drawn forward when their grinding wheels are required to perform their functions.

With a machine constructed in accordance with the present invention it is possible to utilize grinding wheels of emery or like material so that the grinding operations can be performed very quickly giving a great advantage over the present hand controlled grinding devices in which it is necessary to use metal wheels to the surface of which a grinding composition is applied.

I declare that what I claim is l. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a bed plate; a member mounted on said bed plate and adapted to hold a nib during grinding; means for moving said member along the bed plate; means for supporting grinding means, said supporting means being adjustable relative to the bed plate; and means for producing relative angular adjustment between said grinding means and the nib holder.

2. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a bed plate; a rigid member mounted on said bed plate and adapted to hold a nib, maintaining it at a Xed distance from the bed plate during grinding; standards mounted on said bed plate; grinding means adjustably mounted on said standards and adapted to be firmly fixed in position thereon, and means for causing the nib holdingl member to travel along the bed plate in front of said standards so as to bring the nib into position for the operation of the grinding means thereon, the fixed relation between the nib holder and the bed plate, and between the grinding means and the bed plate determining the extent of the grinding operations.

3. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a grinding wheel adapted to operate upon the end of the point of t-he nib which is held in a radial position relative to the wheel during the operation; a pair of wheels for grinding the sides of the nib point, these wheels being arranged a short distance apart in the same plane, so as to receive the point of the nib between them; and a wheel for grinding the under surface at the end of the point, this wheel being adapted to operate upon the nib when placed approximately tangential to its periphery; a member adapted to hold a nib during grinding; means for causing said member to move into position before each of the sets of grinding means in succession.

4. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a grinding wheel adapted to operate upon the end of the point of the nib which is held in a radial position relative to the wheel during the operation; a pair of wheels for grinding the sides of the nib point, these wheels' being arranged a short distance apart in the same plane, so as to receive the point of the nib between them; a wheel for grinding the under surface at the end of the point, this wheel being adapted to operate upon the nib when placed approximately tangential to its periphery; a grinding wheel adapted to round or bevel off the sloping edges of the nib point; a member adapted to hold a nib during grinding; means -for causing said member to move into position before the sets of grinding means in succession; and means for producing relative angular adjustment between the said nib holding member and the grinding means.

5. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in co-mbination a bed plate; grinding means supported from said bed plate; a standard adapted to travel along said bed plate in front of said grinding means; a member rotatably mounted in said standard; means for locking said member in any one of a number of angular positions in said standard; and nib holding means carried by said member.

6. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a bed plate; grinding means supported from said bed plate; a standard adapted to travel along said bed plate in front of said grinding means; a tubular member rotatably mounted in said standard; means for locking said tubular member in any one of a number of angular positions in said standard; a spindle mounted in said tubular member; a pair of clamping jaws mounted on one end of said spindle and having tapering external surfaces; means for retracting said jaws Within said tubular member; and means for projecting them when it is desired to insert or remove a nib.

7. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a bed plate; a member mounted on said bed-plate and adapted to hold ay nib during grinding; means for moving said member along the bed plate; standards mounted on said bed plate; means for adjusting said standards transversely on the bed plate; grinding wheels mounted on said standards; and means for adjusting said wheels vertically on said standards.

8. A machine for grinding pen nibs comprising in combination a bed plate; a-member adapted to hold a nib during grinding and be caused to travel along the front of said bed plate; a grinding wheel adapted to operate upon the end of the point of the nib; and a pair of grinding wheels adapted to operate upon the sides of the point of the nib; a standard mounted on the bed plate and carrying the said wheels; means for adjusting the first wheel horizontally on said standard; and means for adjusting the other pair of wheels independently vertically on said standard; and means for adjusting the nib holder angularly relative to thel grinding wheels.

In witness whereof; I have hereunto signed my name this 3rd day of August 1911, in the presence of tivo subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH BISSELL. lVitnesses ALBERT lV. BEDFORD, "WILLIAM HENRY ALLEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

